Ngữ pháp JLPT N1
- Noun / V stem + ながらに(して)while / in (the state of) / from the start
- Verb ます-stem + おおせるsucceed in completing / manage to do fully
- Verb ます-stem + こなすhandle skillfully / master / do expertly
- Noun + めかすhint at / show a look of
- Noun + に他ならないis nothing but / is exactly / is none other than
- Noun + もさることながらnot to mention / while X is also (true)
- V dict-form + までもなくwithout even needing to / not even requiring
- Noun / plain form + ならまだしもif it were at least X (that would be OK, but)
- Noun / plain form + ならいざ知らずif it were X, I wouldn't know / X might be one thing but
- ひとたび + V + (ば / と / たら)once (X happens)
- Plain form + としたところでeven if we assume / even for
- Noun / plain form + ほどの + nounof such a degree / to the extent of (a)
- V negative stem + ずもがなunnecessary / better left unsaid
- Noun + にまつわるrelated to / concerning / surrounding
- Noun + を兼ねてserving (as both) / combined with
- Noun / na-adj + でありながらwhile being / even though one is
- V-て form + みせるwill definitely do / I'll show you (determination)
- Noun + にして初めてonly at / not until one is (X) / for someone of X's level
- Noun + ながらの + nounin its original state of / traditional / just like
- いかんせん (sentence-initial / mid-sentence)unfortunately / regrettably / the trouble is
- Noun / V plain + にもほどがあるthere's a limit to / (X) goes too far
- V ば-form / conditional + それまでだif X, that's the end / that's all there is to it
- i-adj 〜くもなんともない / na-adj + でもなんでもないnot even slightly / not at all
- Noun + に定評があるis well-known for / has a solid reputation for
- Noun / V dict-form + に足りないnot worth / insufficient for / unworthy of
- Noun + を前にしてin front of / facing / on the verge of
- V た + り + もしないdoesn't even do / not even X
- Noun + にありがちcommon to / typical of (often with negative nuance)
- Noun + そのもの(X) itself / the very essence of
- V ます-stem / noun + かたがたcombining / at the same time / also as
- Verb volitional + んとするabout to / trying to / on the verge of (literary)
- Plain form + に相違ないno doubt / certainly / I'm sure
- Noun + (が)ゆえの / ゆえの + nounstemming from / due to (attributive)
- Plain form / noun + とあってはif it's (a case of) / given that it is
- Noun + に関わるinvolves / affects / concerns (seriously)
- Plain form + ものをif only / you should have (regret)
- Noun / plain form + とみなすregard as / consider as / deem to be
- V plain / noun + ではまいか / ではあるまいかI wonder if / isn't it possibly
- Noun + ほかならぬ + nounnone other than / this very (special case)
- Noun / plain form + に飽き足らずnot content with / not satisfied with (and seeking more)
- Verb dict-form + べくしてinevitably / as one would expect / destined to
- Noun + たるゆえんthe reason for being / what makes (X) an X
- いやしくも (sentence-initial)if at least / if one is truly / given that one is
- Verb volitional + ん + とばかりにas if to say / as if about to
- Noun / plain form + さながらjust like / as if / veritable
- Plain form + であったとしてもeven if it were / even assuming that (past hypothetical)
- Noun / V plain + のみonly / just (literary)
- いわば (sentence-initial / mid-sentence)so to speak / as it were
- Noun / plain form + も構わずwithout caring about / regardless of (formal)
- Noun + を + 目の当たりにするwitness / see with one's own eyes