Ngữ pháp JLPT N5
- Verb stem + ませんかwon't you...? / would you like to...? (invitation)
- もう + Verb-た / ましたalready did
- まだ + Verb-ていない / まだ + Verb-ているnot yet / still
- V plain / i-adj / na-adj な / noun の + とき(に)when / at the time of
- Noun + と + 一緒にtogether with
- Noun (or number + counter) + だけonly / just (basic noun restriction)
- i-adjective stem + く (+ verb)adverbial form of i-adjectives
- na-adjective root + に (+ verb)adverbial form of na-adjectives
- i-adjective stem + くてte-form of i-adjectives (joining / causal)
- na-adjective / noun + でte-form of na-adjectives and nouns (joining / causal)
- Noun + も + Noun + もboth X and Y / neither X nor Y
- Noun + と + NounX and Y (exhaustive listing of nouns)
- Noun + の + 上/下/中/前/後ろ/横/隣/間 + (に/で/へ)location relative to a reference (above, below, inside, in front, behind, next to)
- いくつ (+ optional counter-specific form)how many / how old
- いくらhow much (price / quantity)
- 何時 (+ optional 〜分)what time / when (specific clock time)
- 何曜日 / 曜日 systemwhat day of the week / days of the week
- Number + 時o'clock (hour counter)
- Number + 分minute (time / duration counter)
- Number + 歳 / 才year of age (age counter)
- Number + 円yen (Japanese currency counter)
- Number + 本counter for long, thin objects
- Number + 枚counter for flat, thin objects
- 毎 + time nounevery / each (time period)
- Number + 時間hour (duration counter)
- i-adjective + ですpolite ending for i-adjective predicates
- Plain or polite form + からbecause / since ___